Dilution Calculator

Formula

To calculate the volume needed for dilution (M₁V₁ = M₂V₂):

\[ M_1V_1 = M_2V_2 \]

Where:

\( M_1 \) is the initial molarity
\( V_1 \) is the initial volume
\( M_2 \) is the final molarity
\( V_2 \) is the final volume

What is Dilution?

Dilution is a concept used to describe the reduction of concentration or strength of a substance. It occurs when a solute, typically a solid or liquid, is added to a solvent to create a solution with a lower concentration. This process involves increasing the volume of the solvent while keeping the amount of solute constant.

Example Calculation

Let's assume the following values:

Initial Molarity \( M_1 \) = 1 M
Initial Volume \( V_1 \) = 100 mL
Final Molarity \( M_2 \) = 0.5 M
Final Volume \( V_2 \) = 200 mL

Step 1: Use the dilution formula:

\[ M_1V_1 = M_2V_2 \implies 1 \times 100 = 0.5 \times 200 \implies 100 = 100 \]

Since the initial volume and molarity satisfy the equation, no additional volume is needed. However, typically, the problem will require adding a certain amount of solvent to achieve the desired dilution.