Theoretical Density Calculator

Formula

The formula to calculate the Theoretical Density (ρ) is:

\[ ρ = \frac{n \times A}{V \times N} \]

Where:

\( ρ \) is the density (g/cm³)
\( n \) is the number of atoms per unit cell
\( A \) is the atomic weight (g/mol)
\( V \) is the volume per unit cell (cm³/cell)
\( N \) is Avogadro’s number \( 6.023 \times 10^{23} \, \text{atoms/mol} \)

What is Theoretical Density?

Theoretical density is defined as the maximum density of a material or element that could be achieved assuming there are no voids or impurities in the material. It represents the true or maximum density the material can reach, which is calculated using the atomic structure of the material.

Example Calculation

Let's consider an example:

Number of Atoms per Unit Cell (n): 4
Atomic Weight (A): 63.55 g/mol
Volume per Unit Cell (V): 0.0479 cm³/cell

Using the formula to calculate Theoretical Density:

\[ ρ = \frac{4 \times 63.55}{0.0479 \times 6.023 \times 10^{23}} \approx 8.8 \times 10^{-21} \, \text{g/cm³} \]

This shows that the theoretical density of the material with these parameters is approximately \(8.8 \times 10^{-21}\) g/cm³.